Cyclosporine
is a medication designed to suppress the immune system. It is very
effective in psoriasis and many other conditions. It works fairly
quickly. Though powerful, it causes very few serious reactions
when used for short periods of time (days, weeks, or a few
months). It is considered a short-term treatment for psoriasis and
is safest when given for less than one year.
Problems with kidney function, including kidney failure and
hypertension can occur in cases where the drug is used for over
one year.
Short-term side effects of cyclosporine may include headache,
nausea, tingling in the fingers and toes, aches in joints, growth
of hair where it is not desired, and swelling of the gums. While
these side effects sound awful, most people do not experience them
at lower dosages. The
medication need not be stopped in the case of these side effects,
and they many go away with continued use of the medication.
Short-term use of cyclosporine can also cause elevation of the
blood
pressure, decrease in kidney function, as well as elevation of
cholesterol and triglycerides. These functions must be monitored
and the dosage lowered if they occur. Sometimes the drug must be
stopped at least for a while.
There is also some important drug interactions to be aware of.
To maximize safety, it is important to follow these rules:
1. Let me know ALL other medications you are on, including
non-prescription drugs. Bring ALL your medications with you to our
office visits.
2. All physicians, dentists, pharmacists you deal with must
know you are on cyclosporine.
3. Do not take any new medications while on cyclosporine unless
your doctor has checked to make sure it is safe with cyclosporine.
He/she may call me to discuss any questions.
4. Medications, which could cause trouble with cyclosporine,
include some anti-inflammatory medications, certain antibiotics (nafcillin,
trimethoprim-sulfa, erythromycin, certain fungus medications, and
others).
5. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice. This one type of juice has
the ability to raise the blood levels of cyclosporine to high
levels. Orange juice is ok.
6. Take the medication in two doses during the day, rather than
all at once.
7. Get blood tests and an examination every two weeks for the
first month